【大家健康2010.01 企劃/蔡睿縈 文/吳宜宣】
「含抗氧化成分的保健食品能抗疲勞?」「小孩吃魚油可補腦,增加記憶力?」
「壓力大時,就要來一顆維他命B群,抒解緊繃?」
想吃保健食品補充營養,對其五花八門的宣傳效果,可得仔細瞭解!
在搜尋網站鍵入「提神食物」,竟出現625,000筆資料,可見民眾對提神食品的需求。根據衛生署統計,國內超過半數以上的人有吃維他命的習慣,更有新聞顯示,目前全台的保健食品市場每年至少可達250億元以上,消費族群以30~50歲的中壯年齡層居多。
會出現這樣的消費熱潮,主要是希望藉由保健食品幫助自己更健康。可是,「保健食品不保健,傷身求訴無門」等相關新聞也不時可見,在市場不斷推陳出新的情況,欲購買、服用保健食品前,要有哪些認識與瞭解?
迷思1:保健食品能治病?
正解》NO!
市售的保健食品宣稱能提神、抗疲勞、抗氧化、增進腦力、調和交感神經等,台大醫院營養部營養師翁慧玲直言,「心理作用大於食品真正的作用」,且「治標不治本」,效果不一定能持久。
她也進一步補充,保健食品雖標示為食品,多數仍介於食品與藥品之間,當攝取過量濃縮成分,若人體沒用到,營養素將累積在內臟、無法代謝,久了也會產生毒素,對負責代謝的肝臟、腎臟很不好。因此,建議最好從食物中獲得營養素、維生素較佳。
迷思2:吃魚油、卵磷脂,可補腦?
正解》魚油可以,卵磷脂則尚未證實!
翁慧玲指出,魚油中的EPA、DHA能修補頭腦還未發展完全的組織,因此,對於學齡前的幼童較有效。平常多吃魚,即能攝取魚油中的EPA、DHA,特別是魚眼睛。至於卵磷脂的功用,目前尚未有醫學證實。
迷思3:茄紅素等抗氧化成分,能抗疲勞?
正解》YES!
含β胡蘿蔔素、茄紅素、維生素C等抗氧化成分的保健食品,的確可保護身體免遭自由基傷害。但翁慧玲仍建議從天然食物中攝取,像深綠色蔬菜、胡蘿蔔、水果、奇異果等都富含植物性抗氧化成分。
迷思4:補充維他命B群比,單吃B6提神效果好?
正解》NO!
翁慧玲解釋,若一時難以均衡飲食、調整作息,單吃維他命B6即能提振精神,可作為救急用,也可直接吃富含維生素B6的食物,如肝臟、蛋、酵母、米糠等。若有貧血症狀,可另補充維他命B12;若壓力大,也可補充維他命B群、維他命C,緩解緊繃情緒。
迷思5:銀杏能增進記憶力?
正解》YES!
醫學文獻的確曾報導,銀杏可增進腦力。但翁慧玲表示,銀杏較適合老人服用,年輕人的記憶力還未衰退,多補充效果不大。
迷思6:保健食品,是否會與藥物互相干擾?
正解》YES!
最好只針對個人需要、缺乏的營養素補充即可,別吃太多種類。即使是食物,也可能與藥物發生交互作用,像:葡萄柚會干擾心絞痛藥、高血壓藥、降血脂藥、鎮靜劑、抗組織胺藥、抗黴藥等的療效,若情況嚴重,還可能因此送醫,更何況是保健食品。另外,建議疾病患者服用時,先詢問醫師意見、並遵照醫師指示服用。
迷思7:保健食品最好保存在冰箱?
正解》不一定!
放在陰涼處即可,有人放在冰箱,倒也無妨,但仍要注意保存期限,不是放入冰箱,就能永久保存。
(※精采完整內文請見《大家健康雜誌》279期)
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